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Guitarrero Cave in Peru has the earliest known textiles in South America, dating to 8000 BCE. Lithic age art in South America includes Monte Alegre culture rock paintings created at Caverna da Pedra Pintada dating back to 9250 to 8550 BCE. The oldest known painted object in North American is the Cooper Bison Skull from approximately 8,050 BCE. The anatomical correctness of the carving and the heavy mineralization of the bone indicate that the carving was made while mammoths and/or mastodons still lived in the area, more than 10,000 years ago. The bone is too mineralized to be dated, but the carving has been authenticated as having been made before the bone became mineralized. The bone was found early in the 21st century near Vero Beach, Florida, in an area where human bones ( Vero man) had been found in association with extinct pleistocene animals early in the 20th century. Indigenous peoples created bannerstones, Projectile point, Lithic reduction styles and pictographic cave paintings, some of which have survived in the present.īelonging in the Lithic stage, the oldest known art in the Americas is a carved megafauna bone, possibly from a mammoth, etched with a profile of walking mammoth or mastodon that dates back to 11,000 BCE. While people of this time period worked in a wide range of materials, perishable materials, such as plant fibers or hides, had seldom been preserved through the millennia. The period from around 8000–800 BCE is generally referred to as the Archaic period. In North America, the Lithic stage or Paleo-Indian period is defined as approximately 18,000–8000 BCE. See also: Pre-Columbian art, Petroglyph, Pictogram, Petroform, Rock art, and Stone tools
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Indigenous American visual arts include portable arts, such as painting, basketry, textiles, or photography, as well as monumental works, such as architecture, land art, public sculpture, or murals. The Siberian Yupiit, who have great cultural overlap with Native Alaskan Yupiit, are also included. These include works from South America and North America, which includes Central America and Greenland. Visual arts by indigenous peoples of the Americas encompasses the visual artistic practices of the indigenous peoples of the Americas from ancient times to the present. This map does not show Greenland, which is part of the Arctic cultural area. Major cultural areas of the pre-Columbian Americas: Arctic Northwest Aridoamerica Mesoamerica Isthmo-Colombian Caribbean Amazon Andes.